diff --git a/packages/server/src/server/agent/providers/codex-app-server-agent.test.ts b/packages/server/src/server/agent/providers/codex-app-server-agent.test.ts
index 3308607db..834d93f5d 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/server/agent/providers/codex-app-server-agent.test.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/server/agent/providers/codex-app-server-agent.test.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import type {
   AgentLaunchContext,
   AgentSession,
   AgentSessionConfig,
+  AgentSlashCommand,
   AgentStreamEvent,
 } from "../agent-sdk-types.js";
 import {
@@ -199,6 +200,63 @@ function capturedThreadStartConfig(records: CapturedFakeCodexRecord[]): unknown
   return params?.config;
 }
 
+async function listCommandsFromFakeCodex(skills: unknown[]): Promise<AgentSlashCommand[]> {
+  const tempDir = await mkdtemp(path.join(tmpdir(), "codex-command-list-"));
+  const fakeCodexPath = path.join(tempDir, "fake-codex.cjs");
+  writeFileSync(
+    fakeCodexPath,
+    `
+let buffer = "";
+
+function resultFor(method) {
+  if (method === "initialize") return {};
+  if (method === "collaborationMode/list") return { data: [] };
+  if (method === "skills/list") {
+    return {
+      data: [
+        {
+          cwd: "/tmp/codex-question-test",
+          skills: ${JSON.stringify(skills)},
+          errors: [],
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+  }
+  throw new Error("Unexpected Codex request: " + method);
+}
+
+process.stdin.on("data", (chunk) => {
+  buffer += chunk.toString();
+  for (;;) {
+    const newlineIndex = buffer.indexOf("\\n");
+    if (newlineIndex === -1) break;
+    const line = buffer.slice(0, newlineIndex).trim();
+    buffer = buffer.slice(newlineIndex + 1);
+    if (!line) continue;
+    const message = JSON.parse(line);
+    if (typeof message.id !== "number") continue;
+    try {
+      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({ id: message.id, result: resultFor(message.method) }) + "\\n");
+    } catch (error) {
+      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({ id: message.id, error: { message: error.message } }) + "\\n");
+    }
+  }
+});
+`,
+  );
+
+  const client = new CodexAppServerAgentClient(createTestLogger(), {
+    command: { mode: "replace", argv: [process.execPath, fakeCodexPath] },
+  });
+  const session = await client.createSession(createConfig());
+  try {
+    return await session.listCommands();
+  } finally {
+    await session.close();
+    rmSync(tempDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  }
+}
+
 describe("Codex app-server provider", () => {
   test("getAvailableModes includes auto-review when the Codex version supports it", async () => {
     const session = createSession({}, { autoReviewEnabled: true });
@@ -824,6 +882,29 @@ describe("Codex app-server provider", () => {
     );
   });
 
+  test("deduplicates Codex skill slash commands returned from multiple skill roots", async () => {
+    const commands = await listCommandsFromFakeCodex([
+      {
+        name: "paseo",
+        description: "Shared orchestration skill.",
+        path: "/Users/test/.agents/skills/paseo/SKILL.md",
+      },
+      {
+        name: "paseo",
+        description: "Shared orchestration skill.",
+        path: "/Users/test/.codex/skills/paseo/SKILL.md",
+      },
+    ]);
+
+    expect(commands.filter((command) => command.name === "paseo")).toEqual([
+      {
+        name: "paseo",
+        description: "Shared orchestration skill.",
+        argumentHint: "",
+      },
+    ]);
+  });
+
   test("maps image prompt blocks to Codex localImage input", async () => {
     const input = await codexAppServerTurnInputFromPrompt(
       [
diff --git a/packages/server/src/server/agent/providers/codex-app-server-agent.ts b/packages/server/src/server/agent/providers/codex-app-server-agent.ts
index e5637c7c0..ecb4c7e0a 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/server/agent/providers/codex-app-server-agent.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/server/agent/providers/codex-app-server-agent.ts
@@ -2852,7 +2852,7 @@ class CodexAppServerAgentSession implements AgentSession {
         }),
       );
       const entries = Array.isArray(response?.data) ? response.data : [];
-      const skills: Array<{ name: string; description: string; path: string }> = [];
+      const skillsByName = new Map<string, { name: string; description: string; path: string }>();
       for (const entry of entries) {
         const entryRecord = toObjectRecord(entry);
         const list = Array.isArray(entryRecord?.skills) ? entryRecord.skills : [];
@@ -2860,14 +2860,16 @@ class CodexAppServerAgentSession implements AgentSession {
           const skillRecord = toObjectRecord(skill);
           if (typeof skillRecord?.name !== "string" || typeof skillRecord?.path !== "string")
             continue;
-          skills.push({
-            name: skillRecord.name,
-            description: resolveSkillDescription(skillRecord),
-            path: skillRecord.path,
-          });
+          if (!skillsByName.has(skillRecord.name)) {
+            skillsByName.set(skillRecord.name, {
+              name: skillRecord.name,
+              description: resolveSkillDescription(skillRecord),
+              path: skillRecord.path,
+            });
+          }
         }
       }
-      this.cachedSkills = skills;
+      this.cachedSkills = Array.from(skillsByName.values());
     } catch (error) {
       this.logger.trace(
         {